Friday, April 12, 2013

Study Collection of Data


INTRODUCTION:

Statistics is used to make effective use of numerical data for groups of individuals or experiments. It deals with collection of data, analysis and interpretation of data.

It improves quality of data by the design of experiments and survey sampling. It applies in government, business, variety of academic disciplines and social sciences.

It has several methods and which can be used to describe or summarize a collection of data. It is called descriptive statistics which very useful in research.

Source:- Wikipedia

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Overview for collection of data


Data collection techniques use us to systematically collect information about our objects of study like people, phenomena and about the settings which they occur.

If the data are collected randomly, it will be very difficult to answer our research questions in a way.

There are various data collection techniques can be used now days. They are,

Using available information
Observation
Face to face interview
Administering questionnaires
Group discussions
Projective techniques, scaling, mapping.

Methods of Data collection


There are four main methods for collection of data. They are following,

Census                          -  It is a study which collects data from every one of a population.  It requires cost and time.
Sample survey               -  It is a study which collects data from a subset of a population.
Experiment                    - It is a controlled study for understanding cause and effect relationships. Here the researcher controls how subjects are assigned to groups and how many treatments each group receives. Compares some dependent variable.
Observational study       -  Similar to experiments, It also used to understand cause and effect relationships, but here the researcher is no need to control how subjects are assigned and treatments each group receives.

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Each Method of data collection has own advantages and disadvantages. They are following,

Resources                                                   - when the population is too large, a sample survey has a big advantage over a census.
The Generalize of data collection           -  It requires random selection to a larger population. It uses to the appropriateness of      applying findings from a larger population.
The Causal inference of data collection   -  Here cause and effect relationships can be tested when subjects are randomly assigned to groups.

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